French -able Adjectives: English Cognates and False Friends

Level A2

French -able Adjectives: English Cognates and False Friends

Many English adjectives ending in “-able” have a French partner with the same ending, such as “comfortable” and “confortable.” Check the stem and meaning before carrying an English word into French: some words change form or mean something different. These examples show the words in everyday phrases.

A related -ible to -able spelling change

Use French adjectives ending in -able

siège est confortable.

Say when something is acceptable

vêtements sont acceptables contexte.

Describe something as portable

On a acheté objet portable pour usage.

Talk about reasonable prices

Les prix de hébergement sont raisonnables.

Say two things are comparable

chose est comparable à autre chose.

Compare English and French adjective stems

EnglishFrenchEnglish stemFrench stem
EnglishFrançaisstemradical
comfortableconfortablecomfort + ableconfort + able
acceptableacceptableaccept + ableaccept + able
portableportableport + ableport + able
reasonableraisonnablereason + ableraisonn + able
comparablecomparablecompar + ablecompar + able
responsibleresponsablerespons + iblerespons + able
I'm responsible for cleaning the kitchen.Je suis responsable du nettoyage de la cuisine.

The spelling stays the same for masculine and feminine nouns

Watch for changed forms and meanings

Do not assume every English “-able” adjective keeps the same form: “reliable” becomes « fiable », as in « Ma vieille voiture est encore fiable. » In everyday praise, French « formidable » usually means great or excellent; it can also mean daunting or fearsome, as in « Leur équipe est un adversaire formidable » (“Their team is a formidable opponent”). The two examples with « excellente » express “great”; « excellente » is the feminine form of « excellent ». « Portable » can describe something easy to carry, as in « Ce petit chauffage est portable. » « Téléphone portable » means mobile phone and « ordinateur portable » means laptop. Used alone as a noun, « un portable » can refer to either device, depending on context.

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