Números ordinais e quantidades em inglês
Nesta lição você aprende os ordinais em inglês, de first a tenth e além, e as palavras que dizem quanto tem de alguma coisa: all, many, some, few, none e half. Os ordinais são mais fáceis que os nossos, porque não mudam com masculino, feminino ou plural: the first day, the first time. O cuidado fica com os três primeiros, que fogem da regra, e com o none, que dispensa o "não" que o português pede.
Os ordinais: first, second, third
Do número ao ordinal
| Abreviação | Número | Ordinal |
|---|---|---|
| 1st | one | first |
| 2nd | two | second |
| 3rd | three | third |
| 4th | four | fourth |
| 5th | five | fifth |
| 6th | six | sixth |
| 7th | seven | seventh |
| 8th | eight | eighth |
| 9th | nine | ninth |
| 10th | ten | tenth |
| 11th | eleven | eleventh |
| 12th | twelve | twelfth |
| 20th | twenty | twentieth |
| 21st | twenty-one | twenty-first |
| 22nd | twenty-two | twenty-second |
| 23rd | twenty-three | twenty-third |
| 100th | one hundred | one hundredth |
Como formar os ordinais
Os três primeiros fogem da regra: first, second, third. Do quarto em diante, basta pôr -th no fim do número: four vira fourth, six vira sixth, ten vira tenth. Alguns mudam um pouco a grafia: five vira fifth, nine perde o e em ninth, eight ganha só o h em eighth, twelve vira twelfth e twenty vira twentieth.
Nos números compostos, só a última parte vira ordinal: twenty-first, twenty-second, twenty-third. Na abreviação, o número leva as duas últimas letras da palavra: 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 21st. E, ao contrário do português, o ordinal nunca concorda com nada: the first day e the first time, "o primeiro dia" e "a primeira vez".
Today is my first day at work.
This is my second coffee today.
That's the third time this week!
He finished fifth in the race.
Today is the sixth day of our trip.
The seventh song is my favorite.
We're seventh in line.
Wait, that's your ninth cookie!
That's the tenth email today!
It's our tenth wedding anniversary today.
Dizer a posição: the second door
It's the second door on the right.
It's the second door on the right.
Take the first street on the left.
We live on the third floor.
My sister lives in the fourth house on the left.
We're sitting in the fourth row.
Excuse me, is this the fifth floor?
Get off at the sixth stop.
Our apartment is on the eighth floor.
Please look at the eighth line.
Our seats are in the ninth row.
Is this the last bus tonight?
Who wants the last piece of cake?
Palavras de quantidade
Quanto tem: There are many people
There are many people here.
There are so many people here today!
All my friends are here.
Did you eat all the bread?
I have some questions.
Let's buy some apples.
Few people know this place.
Very few shops are open on Sundays.
Half of the class is sick today.
Do you want half of my sandwich?
None, a negação e many ou much
Em português a gente nega duas vezes: "não sobrou nenhum". Em inglês uma negação basta, então none vem sozinho, sem not: There are none left. Do mesmo jeito, None of my friends have a car é "nenhum dos meus amigos tem carro".
O nosso "muito" tem duas traduções. Com o que se conta, como amigos ou pessoas, é many: I don't have many friends here yet. Com o que não se conta, como tempo, dinheiro ou água, é much: not much time.
Sorry, there are none left.
None of my friends have a car.
I don't have many friends here yet.
Na padaria
- A
Good morning! Is this your first time here?
- B
Yes, it is. Do you have any croissants?
- A
Sorry, there are none left.
- B
Oh no! Then some bread rolls, please.
- A
How many would you like?
- B
Six, please.
- A
Here you are. Is that all?
- B
Yes, that's all. Thank you!